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Abdullah, A H, Yaman, S K, Mohammad, H and Hassan, P F (2018) Construction manager’s technical competencies in Malaysian construction projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 153–77.

Abejide, O S (1997) Solid soilcrete blocks for low-cost buildings: a Nigerian case study. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 115–9.

Alkoc, E and Erbatur, F (1997) Productivity improvement in concreting operations through simulation models. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 82–91.

Arantes, A and Ferreira, L M D (2020) Underlying causes and mitigation measures of delays in construction projects. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 165–81.

Besaiso, H, Fenn, P, Emsley, M and Wright, D (2018) A comparison of the suitability of FIDIC and NEC conditions of contract in Palestine. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 241–56.

El-Rasas, T and Marzouk, M (2020) Fuzzy model for assessing delays in Egyptian residential projects. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 225–46.

Enshassi, A (1997) Construction projects and the environment in Palestine. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 111–4.

Forsythe, P J (2007) A conceptual framework for studying customer satisfaction in residential construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 171–82.

Gavieta, R C (1997) Socio-economic and spatial indicators for household energy for a tropical urban community in urban Manila. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 124–8.

Gavieta, R C and Onate, C E (1997) Building regulations and disaster mitigation: the Philippines. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 120–3.

Giti, D M, K'Akumu, O A and Ondieki, E O (2020) Enhanced role of private sector through public private partnerships in low income urban housing in Kenya. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 293–312.

Graafland, J and Nijhof, A (2007) Transparency, market operation and trust in the Dutch construction industry: an exploratory study. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 195–205.

Gunarathna, C, Yang, R J and Fernando, N (2018) Conflicts and management styles in the Sri Lankan commercial building sector. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 178–201.

Hua, G B (2007) Applying the strategic alignment model to business and ICT strategies of Singapore's small and medium-sized architecture, engineering and construction enterprises. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 157–69.

Jannadi, M O (1997) An effective safety programme for a concrete product manufacturing plant. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 92–100.

Jolly Cyril, E and Singla, H K (2020) Comparative analysis of profitability of real estate, industrial construction and infrastructure firms: evidence from India. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 273–91.

Kavishe, N, Jefferson, I and Chileshe, N (2018) An analysis of the delivery challenges influencing public-private partnership in housing projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 202–40.

• Type: Journal Article
• Keywords: Project management; Questionnaire survey; International practice;
• ISBN/ISSN: 0969-9988
• URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-12-2016-0261
• Abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to identify and rank the challenges influencing the delivery of the housing public-private partnership (HPPP) in Tanzania; and second, to suggest solutions in the form of a conceptual public-private partnership (PPP) framework model that will address the identified challenges and boost the chances of success. Using a convergent parallel (concurrent) mixed method approach, data were collected from 28 stakeholders involved with HPPP projects in Tanzania using a hand-delivered and e-mail survey and 13 semi-structured interviews with public and private sector respondents. The quantitative data included subjecting the 19 challenges as identified from the literature to parametric tests such as one-sample t-tests and descriptive statistics tests such as measures of central tendencies and frequency analysis through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0). Qualitative data employed content analysis. The research was further underpinned by a number of theoretical perspectives such as Gidden’s structuration theory, contingency theory, relational and equity theory. The top five ranked challenges influencing the delivery of HPPP were “inadequate PPP skills and knowledge”; “poor contracting and tendering documents”; “inadequate project management”; “inadequate legal framework”; and “misinformation on financial capacity of private partners”. The least six ranked and most significant challenges based on the one-sample (single) t-tests were as follows: “Poor risk allocation”; “inexperienced private partner”; “unequal qualification and contributions of expertise”; “poor enabling environment to attract competent partners”; “inadequate mechanisms for recovery of private investors’ capital”; and “high costs in procuring PPP projects”. The qualitative study further confirmed the challenges and cited the reason for the failure of joint venture projects as the lack of motivation for undertaking similar PPP projects. Despite the increased awareness of PPP projects and associated marginal benefits, the main impediment to the uptake and delivery of PPP housing projects remained the lack of skills and expertise. The proposed framework model is not yet tested, but since this paper is part of the ongoing research, the next stage involves the testing and validation of the model. Future studies could test the applicability of the proposed framework in other HPPP projects in Tanzania, and in other similar developing countries. Second, the validated framework can contribute towards addressing similar challenges as well as providing guidance. The proposed framework model is not yet tested, but since this paper is part of the ongoing research, the next stage involves the testing and validation of the model. Furthermore, recommendation for future research is to test the alignment of the identified challenges to the proposed remedial solutions across the five phases within the proposed PPP framework with a number of case studies. The identified challenges were used to form the basis of the framework presented in this paper. Furthermore, these provide useful information, thus leading to increased awareness to enable successful delivery of HPPP in Tanzania. Similarly, both the government and policy makers could use the findings as the basis for re-examining the existing PPP policy and regulations, and reflecting on the existing situation with a view to improving the delivery of future HPPP projects. The empirical study is among the first that identifies and ranks the challenges of PPP for housing projects delivery within the Tanzanian context. The identification of the challenges enabled their ranking, resulting in the mapping out of the most critical challenges. Furthermore, using the Gidden’s structuration theory, the study illustrates how institution mechanisms (structures) address these delivery challenges, thus influencing the implementation of HPPP in Tanzania, and how individual stakeholders (human agents or agency) are able to make choices (advocated solutions) in dealing with the challenges. More so, these constraints (challenges) as identified and viewed through the contingency and equity theoretical lenses form the foundation for developing the PPP conceptual framework. The proposed framework would thus serve as a mechanism for providing practical solutions as well as reducing the level of severity of the identified challenges.

Leung, M-Y and Chan, H K L (2007) Antecedents of commitment in construction management. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 113–27.

Li, H (1997) Determinants of knowledge-based expert system success in construction engineering. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 101–6.

Liu, J, Lin, S and Feng, Y (2018) Understanding why Chinese contractors are not willing to purchase construction insurance. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 257–72.

Loffler, M (1997) Foamglass as spacer in multiple-glazing. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 107–10.

Lu, X and Davis, S (2018) Priming effects on safety decisions in a virtual construction simulator. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 273–94.

McCord, M (2020) An exploratory investigation into the relationship between energy performance certificates and sales price: a polytomous universal model approach. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 247–71.

Pan, W, Gibb, A G F and Dainty, A R J (2007) Perspectives of UK housebuilders on the use of offsite modern methods of construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 183–94.

Pheng, L S and Tan, S K L (1997) The measurement of just in time wastage for a public housing project in Singapore. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 67–81.

Radosavljevic, M and Horner, M (2007) Process planning methodology: dynamic short-term planning for off-site construction in Slovenia. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 143–56.

Sa'eed, A, Gambo, N, Inuwa, I I and Musonda, I (2020) Effects of financial management practices on technical performance of building contractors in northeast Nigeria. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 201–23.

Trigunarsyah, B (2007) Project designers' role in improving constructability of Indonesian construction projects. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 207–15.

Wang, C-H, Tsai, C-C and Cheng, Y-Y (2007) Knowledge-based diagnosis model for PCM executing problems in public construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 129–42.

Wesz, J G B, Formoso, C T and Tzortzopoulos, P (2018) Planning and controlling design in engineered-to-order prefabricated building systems. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 134–52.

Zhang, Z, Koh, Z Y and Ling, F (2020) Benchmarking contractors’ financial performance: case study of Singapore. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 183–99.