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Abdullah, A H, Yaman, S K, Mohammad, H and Hassan, P F (2018) Construction manager’s technical competencies in Malaysian construction projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 153–77.

Abejide, O S (1997) Solid soilcrete blocks for low-cost buildings: a Nigerian case study. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 115–9.

Alkoc, E and Erbatur, F (1997) Productivity improvement in concreting operations through simulation models. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 82–91.

Arantes, A and Ferreira, L M D (2020) Underlying causes and mitigation measures of delays in construction projects. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 165–81.

Besaiso, H, Fenn, P, Emsley, M and Wright, D (2018) A comparison of the suitability of FIDIC and NEC conditions of contract in Palestine. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 241–56.

El-Rasas, T and Marzouk, M (2020) Fuzzy model for assessing delays in Egyptian residential projects. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 225–46.

Enshassi, A (1997) Construction projects and the environment in Palestine. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 111–4.

Forsythe, P J (2007) A conceptual framework for studying customer satisfaction in residential construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 171–82.

Gavieta, R C (1997) Socio-economic and spatial indicators for household energy for a tropical urban community in urban Manila. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 124–8.

Gavieta, R C and Onate, C E (1997) Building regulations and disaster mitigation: the Philippines. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 120–3.

Giti, D M, K'Akumu, O A and Ondieki, E O (2020) Enhanced role of private sector through public private partnerships in low income urban housing in Kenya. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 293–312.

• Type: Journal Article
• Keywords: Innovative financing; Low cost housing; Public private partnerships; Private and public sector/entities; Private party/entity/player;
• ISBN/ISSN: 1366-4387
• URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMPC-07-2019-0057
• Abstract:
  Low income urban housing in Kenya is underdeveloped as a result of uninnovative financing, hence the many slums and informal settlements in the country, hence the need for enhanced participation of the private sector through application of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), which has been cited as one of the possible solutions. The purpose of this study was to investigate and make predictions of the need for enhanced role of private sector in developing low income urban housing in Kenya through PPPs.

  Delphi method of research was used to forecast the enhanced role of private sector through PPPs in the development of low income urban housing in Kenya. Three rounds Delphi iterations using three panels of housing financiers (30 in number), housing developers (28 in number) and housing practitioners (30 in number) were used. Data was collected through questionnaires throughout the three rounds, where the first round was exploratory in nature, the second round built on answers from round one, while round three was based on answers from round two, after which the mean and standard deviation values were calculated to show the level of consensus.

  Results showed that PPPs is one of the plausible ways through which low income urban housing in Kenya can be developed to address its shortage. Private sector in PPP transaction brings innovative technology, finance and efficiency, while government brings its assets such as land and other regulations long term contracts.

  The research was focussed on the Nairobi city county area in analysing the need for enhanced role of the private parties. It focussed on a panel of Housing practitioners-officers in the State Department for housing and Nairobi city county; housing financiers and housing developers, without interviewing the beneficiaries of the method.

  It was, therefore, found out that PPPs models are applicable in developing low income urban housing because the country has the enabling environment for its effective application going forward. The implication of this study is that low income urban housing can be developed through the model.

  The slums and informal settlements will have adequate, affordable and quality housing being introduced within their neighbourhoods, which reduces political and societal animosities.

  This research has benefited from published literature on PPPs and original research on PPPs.

Graafland, J and Nijhof, A (2007) Transparency, market operation and trust in the Dutch construction industry: an exploratory study. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 195–205.

Gunarathna, C, Yang, R J and Fernando, N (2018) Conflicts and management styles in the Sri Lankan commercial building sector. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 178–201.

Hua, G B (2007) Applying the strategic alignment model to business and ICT strategies of Singapore's small and medium-sized architecture, engineering and construction enterprises. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 157–69.

Jannadi, M O (1997) An effective safety programme for a concrete product manufacturing plant. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 92–100.

Jolly Cyril, E and Singla, H K (2020) Comparative analysis of profitability of real estate, industrial construction and infrastructure firms: evidence from India. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 273–91.

Kavishe, N, Jefferson, I and Chileshe, N (2018) An analysis of the delivery challenges influencing public-private partnership in housing projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 202–40.

Leung, M-Y and Chan, H K L (2007) Antecedents of commitment in construction management. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 113–27.

Li, H (1997) Determinants of knowledge-based expert system success in construction engineering. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 101–6.

Liu, J, Lin, S and Feng, Y (2018) Understanding why Chinese contractors are not willing to purchase construction insurance. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 257–72.

Loffler, M (1997) Foamglass as spacer in multiple-glazing. Building Research & Information, 25(02), 107–10.

Lu, X and Davis, S (2018) Priming effects on safety decisions in a virtual construction simulator. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 273–94.

McCord, M (2020) An exploratory investigation into the relationship between energy performance certificates and sales price: a polytomous universal model approach. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 247–71.

Pan, W, Gibb, A G F and Dainty, A R J (2007) Perspectives of UK housebuilders on the use of offsite modern methods of construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 183–94.

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Sa'eed, A, Gambo, N, Inuwa, I I and Musonda, I (2020) Effects of financial management practices on technical performance of building contractors in northeast Nigeria. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 201–23.

Trigunarsyah, B (2007) Project designers' role in improving constructability of Indonesian construction projects. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 207–15.

Wang, C-H, Tsai, C-C and Cheng, Y-Y (2007) Knowledge-based diagnosis model for PCM executing problems in public construction. Construction Management and Economics, 25(02), 129–42.

Wesz, J G B, Formoso, C T and Tzortzopoulos, P (2018) Planning and controlling design in engineered-to-order prefabricated building systems. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(02), 134–52.

Zhang, Z, Koh, Z Y and Ling, F (2020) Benchmarking contractors’ financial performance: case study of Singapore. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction , 25(02), 183–99.