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Amadi, A I and Higham, A (2019) Putting context to numbers: a geotechnical risk trajectory to cost overrun extremism. Construction Management and Economics, 37(04), 217–37.

Brager, G and Baker, L (2009) Occupant satisfaction in mixed-mode buildings. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 369–80.

Isaacs, N (2019) Evolution of sub-floor moisture management requirements in UK, USA and New Zealand 1600s to 1969. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 366–94.

Kölsch, P (2019) Hygrothermal simulation of cathedral ceiling roofs with ventilated roofing tiles. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 473–87.

Kalz, D E, Pfafferott, J, Herkel, S and Wagner, A (2009) Building signatures correlating thermal comfort and low-energy cooling: in-use performance. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 413–32.

Lee, I, Roppel, P, Lawton, M and Ferreira, P (2019) Design limits for framed wall assemblies dependent on material choices for sheathing membranes and exterior insulation. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 426–47.

Lomas, K J, Cook, M J and Short, C A (2009) Commissioning hybrid advanced naturally ventilated buildings: a US case study. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 397–412.

Loosemore, M and Reid, S (2019) The social procurement practices of tier-one construction contractors in Australia. Construction Management and Economics, 37(04), 183–200.

Nicol, J F, Hacker, J, Spires, B and Davies, H (2009) Suggestion for new approach to overheating diagnostics. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 348–57.

Pelsmakers, S, Vereecken, E, Airaksinen, M and Elwell, C C (2019) Void conditions and potential for mould growth in insulated and uninsulated suspended timber ground floors. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 395–425.

Pout, C and Hitchin, E R (2009) Future environmental impacts of room air-conditioners in Europe. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 358–68.

  • Type: Journal Article
  • Keywords: air-conditioning; consumerism; electrical appliances; energy; environmental impact; European regulation; trends
  • ISBN/ISSN: 0961-3218
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/09613210902924898
  • Abstract:
    The potential environmental impacts of room air-conditioners in Europe are described, based on an analysis for the European Commission in support of the Energy-using Products Directive. About half the current cooling need of buildings in Europe is met by room air-conditioners - the rest being met by central systems. The likely market growth for such products over the next 25 years is assessed along with the consequent environmental impacts and the scope for reducing the global warming impacts by the use of "best available" or "least life cycle-cost" technologies. The analysis concludes that continuing growth of the room air-conditioners is likely over several decades, with resultant increases in environmental impacts if product design and use remain unchanged. However, Japanese experience shows that the energy-related environmental impacts could be considerably reduced without going beyond proven technology. Life cycle costing analysis suggests that the economically optimum performance lies between current European and current Japanese practice. Many room air-conditioners also provide carbon-efficient heating which can mitigate the impacts on greenhouse gas emissions.

Rijal, H B, Humphreys, M A and Nicol, J F (2009) Understanding occupant behaviour: the use of controls in mixed-mode office buildings. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 381–96.

Rose, W (2019) Must attic ventilation be preserved in energy retrofits?. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 461–72.

Rupp, S H and Plagmann, M (2019) Characterisation of air permeability of common ceiling linings and penetrations. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(04), 448–60.

Smith, S D (2019) Safety first? Production pressures and the implications on safety and health. Construction Management and Economics, 37(04), 238–42.

Toppinen, A, Sauru, M, Pätäri, S, Lähtinen, K and Tuppura, A (2019) Internal and external factors of competitiveness shaping the future of wooden multistory construction in Finland and Sweden. Construction Management and Economics, 37(04), 201–16.

Tuohy, P (2009) Regulations and robust low-carbon buildings. Building Research & Information, 37(04), 45.