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Krone, S J (1991) Decreasing the impact of changes, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , George Washington University.
- Type: Thesis
- Keywords: duration; fragmentation; market; construction site; litigation; pricing; architects; case studies
- ISBN/ISSN:
- URL: https://www.proquest.com/docview/303960216
- Abstract:
This study formulates a change order process that promotes efficient administrative performance and addresses the daily demands of changes in the construction industry. U. S. construction output has declined with the fragmentation of management resources as illustrated by the increase of courtroom battles and loss on the worldwide construction market. The construction contract is the binding agreement between parties that specifies the requirements for contract performance. The change order process has contributed to the increase in litigation and decline in production. This process can cause a localized problem on a construction site to spread into other areas. This study investigates the construction change order process through a review of construction case studies, literature covering 1975-1990, and construction at the University of Maryland during 1987-1990. The analysis develops digraphs of the change order process to determine the cause and extent of possible damages resulting from it. A hypothetical process is tested through a comparison with the American Institute of Architects' change article. The contractual analysis technique (CAT), which is a matrix addition of the procedures represented in the digraphs, is also employed. The findings suggest that the change clause of the general conditions should emphasize early proposal pricing. CAT found that early notification and submission of proposals maintains management control and avoids impact claims. The research in developing this change order process places more emphasis on the contractor's proposal, shortens the notification and proposal durations, and establishes a change order allowance in the bid process. The CAT lays the foundation for future contract change clauses in construction management.